Biotechnology

Nowadays, biotechnology is the most interesting subject in the agriculture field. Farmers always seek crops of good quality, having a high yield and lesser disease rate. With biotechnology, now it is possible to examine individual genes to define a particular character. Genetic engineering, a branch of biotechnology has developed a special kind of rice known as Golden Rice. This type of rice is rich in vitamin A which is an advantage for the society, where rice is the staple crop. Also, lack of vitamin A can lead to blindness and even death in children.

Scientists are developing oral vaccines for diseases like HIV and Hepatitis B using potatoes, tomatoes, and also tobacco. Developing such vaccines ensures a less expensive method of treatment than the traditional vaccine method. It is beneficial for the poor population. Genetic engineering has planted various plants including Monsanto's Roundup Ready corn, canola, cotton, and soybeans. Most of the soybeans, cotton and corn produced in U.S. are genetically amended.

Genetic engineering is also using these biotechnology methods in animals in order to increase milk and egg production, and pace maturity. Genetic engineering developed some special varieties of tilapia and catfish. They are breed in such a way that they grow at a faster rate. These varieties are available in the market in some countries. Also, in order to develop good breeding stock among cattle, bulls are being cloned.

Though biotechnology and genetic engineering are in boom these days, there are some groups who argue that direct genetic alteration may generate some destructive side effects. Some others are also concerned about the herbicide residue which remains in the tissues of resistant plant varieties.